Working as a common storage system, it employs energy storage to capture surplus energy generated at specific intervals, thereby addressing imbalances between energy demand and production. Electric vehicles can obtain power from a charging infrastructure, accessing electricity from external sources, or operate autonomously using their onboard batteries.
It combines water reservoirs at different altitudes at different times. Power generation occurs when water leaves a higher reservoir to a lower reservoir through turbines, creating a similar effect as a battery discharging. Water pumping occurs when water is taken from a lower reservoir to a higher reservoir through pumps, creating a similar effect as a battery charging.